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Diabetes management: how lifestyle and daily routine affect blood sugar level

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shugarbalanceus:
Keeping your blood sugar level within the limit recommended by your doctor can be challenging. This is because many things cause the blood sugar level to change, sometimes suddenly. Here are some factors that can affect your blood sugar level.

Foods
Healthy eating is essential for a healthy life, with or without diabetes. But if you have diabetes, you have to know how food affects blood sugar level. It's not just about the type of food you eat, but also the amount and combinations of types of food you eat.

What to do:

Learn how to count carbohydrates and portion sizes. A key to many diabetes management plans is learning how to count carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are the foods that have the greatest impact on blood sugar level. And for people who inject insulin at mealtime, it is essential to know the amount of carbohydrates in food, and thus be able to calculate the appropriate insulin dose.

Learn what is the proper serving size for each type of food. Simplify your meal planning by noting the portions of food you eat frequently. Use a measuring cup or scale to ensure proper portion size and an accurate count of carbohydrates.

Make every meal well balanced. As much as possible, expect every meal to have a good mix of starches, fruits and vegetables, protein and fat. It is especially important to pay attention to the types of carbohydrates you choose. Some carbohydrates, like fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, are better than others. These foods are low in carbohydrates and have fibers that help keep the blood sugar level more stable. Talk to your doctor, nurse, or dietitian about the best food choices and the right balance of food types.
Coordinate meals and medications. Too little food in proportion to diabetes medication, especially insulin, can cause dangerous low blood sugar (hypoglycemia). Too much food can cause your blood sugar to go too high (hyperglycemia). Talk to your diabetes healthcare team about the best way to coordinate meal and medication schedules.
Avoid sugary drinks. Sweetened beverages, such as those sweetened with high-fructose corn syrup or sucrose, are usually high in calories and provide very little nutritionally. And because they raise blood sugar quickly, it's best to avoid these types of drinks if you have diabetes.

An exception is when you have low blood sugar. Sugary drinks, such as soda, juices, and sports drinks, can be used as an effective treatment to quickly raise low blood sugar levels.

Exercise
Physical activity is another important part of the diabetes treatment plan. When you exercise, your muscles use sugar (glucose) as an energy source. Regular physical activity also helps the body use insulin more effectively.

These factors work together to lower blood sugar levels. The more intense the activity, the effect will last longer. However, even lower intensity activities, such as housework, gardening, or standing for long periods of time, can improve your blood sugar level.

What to do:

Talk to your doctor about an exercise plan. Ask your doctor what type of exercise is right for you. In general, most adults should be physically active for at least 30 minutes a day on most days of the week. If you've been inactive for a long time, your doctor may want to check your general health before advising you. They can recommend the right balance between aerobic exercise and muscle stretching.
Maintain an exercise routine. Talk to your doctor about the best time of day to be physically active, so your exercise routine is coordinated with meal and medication schedules.
Find out about your levels. Talk to your doctor about what blood sugar levels are right for you before you start exercising.
Control your blood sugar level. Check your blood sugar level before and after exercise, and during exercise, particularly if you use insulin or blood sugar lowering medications. Exercise can lower blood sugar levels even a day later, especially if the activity is new to you or if you do it more intensely. Be aware of warning signs of low blood sugar, such as feeling unstable, weak, tired, hungry, lightheaded, irritable, anxious, or confused.

If you use insulin and your blood sugar level is below 100 milligrams per deciliter (mg / dL) or 5.6 millimoles per liter (mmol / L), eat a small snack before starting to exercise to avoid having a low blood sugar.

Keep hydrated. Drink plenty of water or other fluids while exercising, since dehydration can affect blood sugar levels.
Get ready. Always carry a small snack or glucose tablets with you while exercising in case your blood sugar level drops too low. Wear a medical ID bracelet when you are physically active.
Adjust the diabetes treatment plan as needed. If you take insulin, you may need to reduce your insulin dose before exercising or wait awhile after exercising to inject insulin. Your doctor can advise you on appropriate changes in medications. You may also have to adjust your treatment if you increased your exercise routine.
Medicines
Insulin and other diabetes medications are designed to lower blood sugar levels in cases where diet and exercise alone are not enough to control diabetes. However, the effectiveness of these medications depends on the time of administration and the dose. Medications you take for conditions other than diabetes can also affect blood sugar levels.

What to do:

Properly preserves insulin. Insulin that is stored improperly or past its expiration date may not work. Insulin is especially sensitive to extremes of temperature.
Report problems to the doctor. If diabetes medications cause your blood sugar level to drop too low or if it is consistently too high, your dose or timing may need to be adjusted.
Be careful with new medications. If you are considering taking an over-the-counter medicine or if your doctor prescribes a new medicine to treat another condition (such as high blood pressure or high cholesterol), ask the doctor or pharmacist if the medicine may affect blood sugar levels. . Liquid medications can be sweetened with sugar to hide their taste. Sometimes another medication may be recommended. Always check with your doctor before taking new over-the-counter medications, so you know how it can affect your blood sugar level.
Disease
When you're sick, the body produces stress-related hormones to fight the disease, but they can raise your blood sugar level. Changes in appetite and normal activity can also complicate diabetes management.

What to do:

Plan ahead. Work with the health care team to create a plan for sick days. It includes directions on what medications to take, how often to measure blood sugar and ketone levels in urine, how to adjust medication doses, and when to call your doctor.
Continue taking medications to treat diabetes. However, if you cannot eat because you are nauseous or vomiting, contact your doctor. In situations like this, you may need to adjust your insulin dose or temporarily stop taking your medications because you are at risk for hypoglycemia.
Follow the diabetes meal plan. If you can do it, eating regularly will help you control your blood sugar level. Keep a supply of easy-to-digest foods, such as jelly, cookies, soups, or applesauce. Drink plenty of water or other non-caloric fluids, such as tea, to make sure you stay hydrated. If you take insulin, you may need to constantly drink sugary drinks, such as juices or sports drinks, to keep your blood sugar from getting too low.
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